Sfinți (cronologie)
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Sfinţi (cronologie)
The purpose of this article is to Witness to the Saints of the Eastern Orthodox church
witnessed through the chronological listing of their "repose" or "martyrdoms".
Format:Saints Format:Saints00 Format:Saints01
Cuprins
- 1 Third Century (201-300)
- 2 Fourth Century (301-400)
- 3 Fifth century (401-500)
- 4 Sixth centuy (501-600)
- 5 Seventh century (601-700)
- 6 Eighth century (701-800)
- 7 Nineth century (801-900)
- 8 Tenth century (901-1000)
- 9 Eleventh century (1001-1100)
- 10 Twelfth century (1101-1200)
- 11 Thirteenth century (1201-1300)
- 12 Fourteenth century (1301-1400)
- 13 Fifteenth century (1401-1500)
- 14 Sixteenth century (1501-1600)
- 15 Seventeenth century (1601-1700)
- 16 Eighteenth century (1701-1800)
- 17 Nineteenth century (1801-1900)
- 18 Twentieth century (1901-2000)
- 19 Twentyfirst century (2001-Present)
- 20 Vezi şi
- 21 Note
- 22 Further Reading
Third Century (201-300)
- 202 Death of Great Martyr Haralampus, Bishop of Magnesia.
- 202-211 (5th) Persecution of Christians under Emperor Septimius Severus (193-211)
- 203 Perpetua and Felicitas, martyred in Carthage, North Africa March 7.
- 209 c, Alban, first martyr of Britain in Verulamium, June 17.
- 215 c, Clement of Alexandria dies; Narcissus, bishop of Jerusalem, dies.
- 222 Bardaisan of Edessa dies.
- 225 Death of Tertullian
- 235-238 (6th) Persecution of Christians under Emperor Maximinus Thrax.
- 236 Death of Hippolytus of Rome in exile from Rome.
- 249-251 (7th) Persecution of Christians under Emperor Decius.
- 249 c, Christopher of Lycia, the Cynocephalus, martyr May 9.
- 250 c, Fabian, Bishop of Rome, arrested and dies as martyr probably from treatment in prison; Babylas, bishop of Antioch, dies in prison during persecutions of Decius; Alexander, bishop of Jerusalem dies in prison during persecution of Decius; Matrydom of Christopher of Lycia; Martyrdom of Cyprian and Justina at Nicomedia; Hieromartyr Leonidas, Bp. of Athens.
- 251 c, Agatha, martyred in Sicily, February 5; Isidore and Myrope, martyred in Chios December 2.
- 254 Origen dies in Tyre from consequences of imprisonment during Decian persecutions.
- 257-260 (8th) Persecution of Christians under Emperor Valerian (253-260).
- 257 Stephen, bishop of Rome, dies, perhaps martyred; Novatian martyred during persecution under Valerian.
- 258 Xystus II, bishop of Rome, martyred; Cyprian of Carthage martyred, September 14.
- 265 Dionysius, bishop of Alexandria dies.
- 268 Gallienus murdered.
- 270 Plotinus dies; Claudius II dies of plague; Gregory Thaumaturgus, founder of the Church in Cappadocia dies.
- 275 Aurelian murdered.
- 276 Tacitus murdered.
- 281 Probus murdered.
- 283 Virgin-martyrs, husband and wife Chrysanthus and Daria martyred March 19.
- 284 Martyrdom of Cosmas and Damian, Andrew Stratelates and 2,593 soldiers with him in Cilicia.
- 286 Martyrs Timothy and Mavra.
- 290 Anastasia the Pharmakolitria martyred by fire in Sirmium, December 22.
Fourth Century (301-400)
- 302 20,000 Martyrs burned at Nicomedia including Glycerius, Zeno, Theophilus, Dorotheus, Mardonius, Migdonius, Indes, Gorgonius, Peter, Euthymius, and the virgins Agape, Domna, Theophila and others, January 10.
- 303-311 (10th) Persecution of Christians under Diocletian, identified as the Great Persecution
- 303 Martyrdom of George the Trophy-bearer at Nicomedia and Great-Martyr Panteleimon.
- 304 Marcellinus, bishop of Rome, dies during persecution; Amphibalus, died at Verulamium (St Albans) Hertforshire, June 25; Charitina of Amisus, October 5; Anysia of Thessaloniki, December 30.
- 305 Great martyr Catherine of Alexandria, November 24/25; Barbara of Heliopolis, December 4
- 306 Cyril, bishop of Antioch, dies at mines; Death of Great-martyr and Myrrh-streamer Demetrios of Thessaloniki, October 26; Bp. Parthenios of Lampsacus.
- 309 Martyrdom of Shmona, Gurya of Edessa.
- 310-379 (11th) Persecution of Christians under Persian King Shapur II
- 310 Habbib of Edessa martyred.
- 311 Peter I, bishop of Alexandria, martyred.
- 312 Lucian of Antioch dies in Nicomedia from torments suffered during persecution, January 7.
- 313 Maximian dies in Tarsus, ca. August.
- 314 ca. death of Tiridates, king of Armenia (or as late as 330).
- 315 c, Alexandra (Prisca), Empress of Rome and wife of Diocletian executed by Licinius, April 21
- 316 ca. death of Diocletian;
- 316 Blaise, bishop of Sebaste and physician, martyred under Licinius along with 2 children and seven women February 11.
- 319 Matyrdom of Theodore Stratelates ("the General"), under Licinius.
- 320 ca, The Forty Martyrs of Sebaste in Armenia.
- 326 Alexander of Alexandria, Archbishop of Alexandria died April 17 (FD:May 29); c, Papa, bishop of Nisibis dies.
- 329 Irene of Thessaloniki dies, May 5; Helena, mother of Constantine dies, May 21.
- 332 Gregory the Illuminator of Armenia dies.
- 335 Sylvester I, bishop of Rome dies, December 31.
- 336 Arius dies, perhaps poisoned just before he is to be restored to office of presbyter in Alexandria
- 337 Constantine the Great, dies shortly after baptism at Pascha in Nicomedia, May 21.
- 340 ca,Eusebius of Caesarea, Church historian, dies; ca. Paul of Thebes, traditionally considered the first hermit, dies.
- 344 Martyrdom of Simeon bar-Sabba'e.
- 345 Nicholas of Myra; ca, Aphrat "the Persian" dies.
- 346 ca, Pachomius the Great dies of plague; Barbashmin, catholicos, Seleucia-Ctesiphon martyred.
- 348 Spyridon of Trimythous.
- 355 Nino of Cappadocia.
- 356 Anthony the Great.
- 362 hieromartyr Basil, bishop of Ancyra, executed under Julian the Apostate June 29 (fd.January 1).
- 367 Hilary, bishop of Poitiers January 13.
- 373 Athanasius the Great, bishop of Alexandria (d.May 2/fd.January 18); Ephrem the Syrian.
- 379 Basil the Great, bishop of Caesarea January 1.
- 383 Frumentius of Axum, bishop of Axum and Apostle to Ethiopia, November 30.
- 385 Gregory of Nyssa.
- 386 Cyril of Jerusalem.
- 387 Monica of Hippo, mother of Augustine of Hippo, May 4.
- 391 Gregory the Theologian.
- 392 Macarius the Great.
- 397 Martin, bishop of Tours, dies at Candes November 11; Ambrose, bishop of Milan dies April 4 (FD:December 7)
- 398 c, Martyrdom of 10,000 Fathers of the Scetis by Patriarch Theophilus of Alexandria.
- Unknown dates:
Fifth century (401-500)
- 404 Martyrdom of Telemachus.
- 407 John Chrysostom in exile.
- 429 Sisoes the Great.
- 430 Augustine, bishop of Hippo d.August 28 (fd.June 15).
- 432 Ninian, Apostle to the Picts; Celestine of Rome, bishop of Rome, d.April 6 (fd.8).
- 435 John Cassian and Acacius of Melitene.
- 440 Alexios the Man of God, March 17.
- 444 Cyril of Alexandria.
- 450 Peter Chrysologus.
- 459 Symeon the Stylite.
- 461 Leo the Great and Patrick of Ireland.
- 463 c, Patapius of Thebes.
- 466 Shenouda the Great (Coptic).
- 473 Euthymius the Great.
- 474 Gildas the Wise, "Badonnicus", January 29.
- 486 Diadochos, Bp of Photiki, March 29.
- 493 Daniel the Stylite, December 11.
- Unknown dates:
- Alexios the Man of God, monk died in Rome March 17.
- King Brychan of Brecknock [1] of Brycheiniog, South Wales, April 6.
- Padarn of Wales, bishop and founder of Llandabarn Fawr, April 15.
Sixth centuy (501-600)
- 523 c, Brigid, (Mary of the Gael, died at Kildair, Ireland, February 1.
- 529 Theodosius the Great.
- 532 Sabbas the Sanctified.
- 533 Bp. Remigius of Rheims, 'the Apostle of the Franks', October 1 and January 13.
- 540 c, Elizabeth the Wonderworker of Constantinople, April 24.
- 543 Benedict of Nursia, died with arms lifted in prayer March 14.
- 556 Roman the Melodist.
- 560 Clodoald (Cloud), [2] hermit at Nogent-Sur-Seine, Paris September 7.
- 577 Brendan the Voyager, abbot of Clonfert, May 16.
- 579 400 Martyrs slain by Lombards in Sicily.
- 582 Eutychius of Constantinople, April 6.
- 584 c, Deiniol, abbot of Bangor, September 11.
- 597 Columba, abbot of Iona, June 9.
- 599 Anastasius the Sinaite, bishop of Antioch, April 20.
- Unknown dates 6th-century
- Branwallader or Brelade, January 19.
- Cumein of Iona, abbot of Iona, February 24.
- Chad of Lichfield, bishop of Lichfield, March 2.
- Brynach, 6th century hermit, April 7.
- Asaph, bishop of Llanelwy, May 1.
- Aldhelm, bishop of Sherborne, May 25.
- c.535-545 Helier of Jersey, cave-dweller of Jersey, martyred July 16.
- Blane, bishop of Bute (Dunblane) and disciple of St. Comgall and Canice, August 11
Seventh century (601-700)
- 604 Gregory the Dialogist.
- 605 Augustine, Archbishop of Canterbury, May 26.
- 612 Dubricius, Abp. of Caerleon and Wales, November 14.
- 614 65,000 Christians in Jerusalem massacred.
- 615 Columbanus in Italy.
- 618 Donnan & companions, abbot, monks and martyrs in Eigg, April 17.
- 625 Vitalius the Venerable
- 632 Aed, bishop of Ferns, January 31.
- 633 Modestus of Jerusalem; Finbar, first bishop of Cork and confessor, September 25.
- 640 Beuno the Wonderworker, Abbot of Clynnog, died on the "7th day of Easter", fd. April 21; Eanswythe, Saxon princess descendant of King Saint Aethelbert, August 31.
- 650 Fursey, abbot of Lagny (Paris), January 7; Virgin-martyr Dymphna, May 15
- 651 Aidan, bishop of Lindisfarne and disciple of St. Senan, August 31.
- 655 Martin the Confessor.
- 658 c, Felix of Burgundy, enlightener of East Anglia, March 8.
- 662 Maximus the Confessor.
- 664 Cedd of Lastingham, bishop of the East Saxons, January 7; Boisil, abbot of Melrose Abbey (Scotland), February 23.
- 670 Fiacre, hermit at Meauz (France), August 30.
- 672 Chad, bishop of Lichfield, March 2
- 679 Etheldreda, abbess of Ely and Queen of Northumbria, June 17.
- 680 Botolph, abbot of Icanho (in East Anglia), June 17; Hilda, abbess of Whitby, August 25.
- 681 c, Caedmon, [3] February 11
- 683 Ebba of Northumbria, first abbess of Coldingham, Northumbria and daughter of King Ethelfrith, August 25.
- 685 Anastasius of Sinai, [4], ascetic, April 20; Constantine the New, Byzantine emperor, September 3
- 687 Cuthbert, bishop of Lindisfarne, March 200.
- 689 Benedict Biscop, abbot of Jarrow, died at Wearmouth, CoDurham, January 12.
- 693 Eerconwald, bishop of London April 30.
- 700 c,Isaac of Syria.
- Unknown 7th-century dates:
Eighth century (701-800)
- 707 John Maron.
- 712 c, Andrew, [5] bishop of Crete dies in Mytilene, July 4
- 714 Guthlac of Crowland, hermit April 11.
- 716 Donald of Ogilvy, Confessor of Scotland, July 15.
- 725 Cuthburga of Wimborne, Queen and first abbess of Wimborne, August 31.
- 731 Gerald, bishop of Mayo, march 13.
- 735 Venerable Bede, monk of Jarrow, Father of English History d.May 25.
- 739 Willibrord
- 749 John of Damascus
- 752 Zacharias of Rome
- 754 Boniface, the Apostle to the Germans June 5
- 787 c, Cosmas the Hymnographer, bishop of Majuma
- Unknown dates:
- Cuthman of Steyning, founder of St Andrew's, Steyning, February 8.
- Basil the Confessor, [6] bishop of Parium April 12.
- Donald of Scotland, died in Olgivy, Forfarshire (Scotland), July 15.
Nineth century (801-900)
- 826 Theodore the Studite.
- 828 Patr. Nicephorus I of Constantinople.
- 865 Ansgar, archbishop of Hamburg-Bremen, apostle and enlightener of Denmark died February 3.
- 867 Kassiani, Greek-Byzantine poet and hymnographer, who composed the Hymn of Kassiani, chanted during Holy Week on Holy Wednesday.
- 870 Rastislav of Moravia; martyrdom of Edmund, King of East Anglia.
- 877 Ignatius I of Constantinople.
- 885 Methodius.
- 899 Alfred the Great.
Tenth century (901-1000)
- 925 c, Peter of Argos
- 934 Birnstan, bishop of Winchester, England and confessor, d.November 4.
- 935 Martyrdom of Wenceslaus, prince of the Czechs.
- 955 Edred, King of England, November 23
- 969 Olga of Kiev, grandmother of the Grand Prince Vladimir of Kiev, d. July 11.
- 978 Edward the Martyr, King of England, March 18.
- 988 Dunstan, Abp. of Canterbury, May 19.
- 991 Metr. Michael I, (1st) Metropolitan of Kiev.
Eleventh century (1001-1100)
- 1007 Metr. Leontii of Kiev
- 1012 Alphege, Archbishop of Canterbury d.April 19.
- 1015 Grand Prince Vladimir of Kiev, July 15 and his sons Boris and Gleb, July 24.
- 1022 Simeon the New Theologian.
- 1035 Metr. Ivan I of Kiev
- 1049 Metr. Feopemt of Kiev
- 1050 Metr Kirill I of Kiev
- 1054 Metr. Ilarion of Kiev
- 1065 Barlaam of the Kiev Caves [7] d.November 19
- 1073 Anthony of the Kiev Caves [8] d.May 7 (fd. Sep 2).
- 1074 Theodosius of the Kiev Caves d.May 3.
- 1077 Metr. Grigorii II of Kiev
- 1089 Metr. Ivan II of Kiev
- 1091 Metr. Ivan III of Kiev
- 1097 Metr. Ephraim II of Kiev
- Unknown dates:
- Basil and Theodore, hieromartyrs of the Kiev Caves August 11.
- Theodora of Vasta, September 11.
Twelfth century (1101-1200)
- 1102 Metr. Nikolai of Kiev
- 1121 Metr. Nikifor I of Kiev
- 1126 Metr. Nikita of Kiev
- 1145 Metr. Michael II of Kiev
- 1158 Metr. Constantine, of Kiev, June 5
- 1163 Metr. Feodor of Kiev
- 1166 Metr. Ivan IV of Kiev
- 1177 Metr. Konstantin II of Kiev
- 1198 Metr. Nikifor II of Kiev
Thirteenth century (1201-1300)
- 1263 Alexander Nevsky, Grand Prince of Vladimir and Novgorod [9]November 14
- 1268 c, Theodora of Arta, March 11.
- 1281 Charitina, abbess of Novgorod monastery and Princess of Lithuania, October 5
- 1282 Zographou martyrs, burnt alive at Mount Athos, October 10.
- 1299 Daumantas of Pskov, May 17.
- Unknown dates:
Fourteenth century (1301-1400)
- 1303 Daniel of Moscow, Grand Prince of Moscow, March 17.
- 1337 Daniel II of Pec, Abp of Serbia, January 2
- 1347 Anthony, John, and Eustathius of Vilnius martrys of the Muscovite mission, April 14.
- 1359 Gregory Palamas, Abp of Thessalonika, November 14.
- 1378 Alexis (1296?–1378), Metropolitan of Moscow (Kiev) and all Russia, February 12.
- 1391 c, Nicholas Cabasilas, June 20.
- Unknown dates:
Fifteenth century (1401-1500)
- 1426 c, Ephraim of Nea Makri, May 5.
- 1450 Ipomoni of Loutraki, Augusta Helen Palaiologos, March 13.
- 1453 Constantine XI Palaiologos, ethnomartyr, see Fall of Constantinople, May 29.
- 1462 Matrona of Chios, October 20.
- 1463 Martyrdom of Raphael, Nicholas and Irene, Bright Tuesday.
- 1496 Daniel the Hermit [10] of Voronet, December 18
Sixteenth century (1501-1600)
- 1533 Alexander, Abbot of Svir, the only person other than Abraham, to be visited by the Holy Trinity, died 85 years old, August 30.
- 1545 Artemius of Verkola, [11] struck by lightning June 23 (FD: October 20).
- 1557 Basil the Blessed Fool-for-Christ d. August 2.
- 1570 Cornelius of the Pskov Caves, [12] martyred by Tsar Ivan IV (the terrible), February 20; c, 79. Gerasimos of Cephalonia, August 15.
- 1589 Philothei of Athens, February 19.
Seventeenth century (1601-1700)
- 1601 New Hieromartyr Seraphim, Bishop of Phanarion and Neokhorion, December 4
- 1602 Seraphim of Lebadeia, May 6
- 1622 Dionysius of Zakynthos, December 17.
- 1649 hieromartyr Athanasius, [13] abbot of the Brest-Litovsk monastery was decapitated by the Polish-Lithuanian government, September 5.
- 1657 New-martyr Demetrios of Philadelphia, June 2
- 1671 Mtr. Basil, of Ostrog and Tvrdoš, April 29.
- 1682 Ahmed the Calligrapher, May 3.
- 1700 Athanasius of Attalia, [14] beheaded January 7.
Eighteenth century (1701-1800)
- 1709 Dimitri of Rostov, October 28]].
- 1712 Fr. Maxim Leontiev Format:Citation
- 1716 Metr. Antimos of Iberia, [15] ambushed by Turkish soldiers on the bank of the Tundzha River September 14.
- 1730 John the Russian, May 27
- 1731 Innocent, 1st bishop of Irkutsk in central Siberia [16], November 26
- 1774 Athanasius, [17] September 8
- 1779 Kosmas, [18], of Aitolia, new martyr and Equal-to-the-Apostles, August 24.
- 1784 Neophytos, Kausokalyvite father.
- 1794 Paisius Velichkovsky of Moldova and Mt. Athos, November 15
- 1796 Juvenaly of Alaska, protomartyr of America, July 2
Nineteenth century (1801-1900)
- 1805 Makarios of Corinth, a central figure in the Kollyvades movement.
- 1809 Nicodemus of the Holy Mountain, July 14.
- 1813 Athanasios Paros, the Master of the Greek Nation, died in his cell of St. George the Refston in Chios, June 24.
- 1816 Martyrdom of Peter the Aleut near San Francisco.
- 1821 Nikephoros of Chios, May 1; Constantine Hagarit, martyred June 15; Martyrdom of Patr. Gregory V of Constantinople, Abp. Kyprianos of Cyprus and Abp. Gerasimos of Crete.
- 1833 Seraphim of Sarov.
- 1837 Herman of Alaska, Spruce Island, December 13.
- 1860 Alexei Khomiakov.
- 1864 Jacob Netsvetov, July 26.
- 1868 The three saints nick named "Papoulakos": Joachim of Vatopaidi, March 2; Monk Christophoros (Panagiotopoulos).
- 1877 Arsenios of Paros, January 31.
- 1879 Innocent of Alaska, Equal-to-the-Apostles, March 31.
- 1891 Ambrose of Optina, [19] died October 23 (FD: October 10).
- 1900 Meletius, bishop of Ryazan, missionary to Yakutia, January 14; Martyrdom of Orthodox Christians in Chinese Boxer Rebellion (Yihetuan Movement), June 11.
Twentieth century (1901-2000)
Twentyfirst century (2001-Present)
- 2001 Elder Haralambos Dionysiatis, teacher of noetic prayer.
- 2004 In September, a helicopter carrying Patr. Petros VII (Papapetrou) of Alexandria along with 16 others (including 3 other bishops of the Church of Alexandria) crashed into the Aegean Sea while en route to the monastic community of Mount Athos with no survivors.
- 2007 Protopresbyter Elias Wen.
- 2008 Abp. Christodoulos (Paraskevaides) of Athens.
- 2009 Joseph of Vatopedi, June 30requires confirmation Funeral: July 1.
Vezi şi
Note
- ↑ Famous for how many children he had
- ↑ Saint Cloud was ordained a priest by Bishop Eusebius of Paris in 551.
- ↑ It is implied that Caedmon lived at Streonæshalch during Hilda’s abbacy (657–680). Book IV Chapter 25 of the Historia ecclesiastica appears to suggest that Cædmon’s death occurred at about the same time as the fire at Coldingham Abbey, an event dated in the E-text of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle to 679, but after 681 by Bede.
- ↑ Saint Anastasius of Sinai should not be confused with Saint Anastasius I of Antioch also called Anastasius of Sinai and venerated on the same day. They lived in separate centuries.
- ↑ Andrew of Crete: Church historians are divided on the date of his death. Some suggest 712 and others 726.
- ↑ Basil the Confessor is not to be confused with Basil the Confessor the companion of the venerable Procopius at Decapolis who is commemorated February 28.
- ↑ Barlaam of the Kiev Caves was glorified in the 11th century.
- ↑ Anthony of the Kiev Caves was glorified in the 11th century.
- ↑ Saint Alexander Nevsky was recognised as a saint by the Church of Russia in 1547.
- ↑ St. Daniel the Hermit was officially glorified by the Synod of the Church of Romania in 1992.
- ↑ Artemius of Verkola was a twelve year old struck by lightning in a field. His relics were taken to the church of St. Nicholas in 1577,
- ↑ St. Cornelius of the Pskov Caves martyrdom is recorded in the old manuscripts of the Trinity-Sergiev Lavra
- ↑ According to the synaxarion of the Ormylia monastery, Athanasius of Brest-Litovsk was decapitated by the Polish-Lithuanian government persecutors and his corpse thrown into a pit. It was found some time later incorrupt.
- ↑ The relics of Athanasius of Attalia are buried in the church of St. Paraskevi in Smyrna.
- ↑ Metr. Antimos of Iberia glorified by Church of Romania in 1992 and later by Church of Georgia.
- ↑ Saint Innocent of Irkutsk (1680-1731) is the first bishop of Irkutsk in central Siberia.
- ↑ Athanasius studied under Athanasius Paros in Thessaloniki and became a monk. Not willing to convert to the Islamic faith, he was hung and buried near the Church of St. Paraskeve
- ↑ St. Kosmas of Aetolia (b. Aetolia, Greece 1714-1779) is a prophet, New Hieromartyr and Equal to the Apostles
- ↑ Saint Ambrose of Optina was canonised in 1988 by the local council of the Russian Orthodox Church
Further Reading
- Sources and literature relating to the Apostolic Age
- The Canonical books of the New Testament;
- The post-Apostolic and Patristic writings;
- Apocryphal and Heretical literature;
- Jewish Sources such as:
- The "Acts of the Martyrs." Cross, F.L., ed. The Oxford dictionary of the Christian church. New York: Oxford University press. 2005.
- Accredited Orthodox historians
- Father John Meyendorff:
- "The Byzantine Legacy in the Orthodox Church"
- "Rome-Constantinople-Moscow Historical and Theological Studies"
- List of Orthodox Saints
- http://www.orthodox.net/links/saints-by-name.html - List of Orthodox Saints, organised Alphabetically
- http://www.holytrinityorthodox.com/calendar/
- http://www.orthodoxengland.org.uk/