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{{În cursSfinți|nume= Sf. Alexandru<br/>al Ierusalimului|Imagine= [[Imagine:Alexander_of_Jerusalem.jpg|thumb|250px]]|nastere= sfârșitul secolului II|adormire= 251, Capadocia|localizare= [[Ierusalim]]|recunoastere= pan-ortodoxă|etnie= |tip= [[mucenic]]<br/>[[ierarh]]|canonizare= dată necunoscută|calendar= [[16 mai]]|biserici= |site=|}}Preafericitul '''[[Nicolae]] I Misticul''' (gr. Νικόλαος Α΄ Μυστικός, ''Nikolaos I Mystikos''), a fost{{Traducere EN}}Sfântul sfințit mucenic '''Alexandru al Ierusalimului''' a trăit la sfârșitul secolului al doilea și începutul secolului al treilea. [[Episcop]] și [[mucenic]], [[Sfinți|sfântul]] Alexandru a murit pe vremea [[Persecuții împotriva creștinilor|persecuțiilor]] împăratului Deciu (249-251), la jumătatea secolului al III-lea. Este [[Praznic|pomenit]] în [[Biserica Ortodoxă]] pe [[16 mai]] și pe [[12 decembrie]] ca [[ieromartir]].

Sfântul sfinţitul mucenic '''==Viața==Alexandru al Ierusalimului''' a fost un [[sfântdiscipol]] ul marelui învățător și scriitor al Bisericii, [[episcopClement al Alexandriei]] şi [[mucenic]] at the turn of the second to third century. He died in the mid, pe care îl numește „învățătorul și binefăcătorul meu” într-third century during the persecutions of Emperor [[Decius]]o scrisoare către Origen citată de Eusebiu de Cezareea <ref>Eusebiu de Cezareea, ''Istoria bisericească'', VI. St14, 9</ref>. Alexander is remembered on [[16 A fost primul episcop de Flavia, în Capadocia, iar mai]] and on [[12 decembrie]] as apoi a hieromartyrfost desemnat co-administrator alături de episcopul Ierusalimului, Narcissus, care la vremea aceea avea 116 ani.

Alexander was Pe timpul împăratului roman Alexandru Sever (222-235), Alexandru a fost închis pentru credința sa. După ce a fost eliberat din închisoare, a plecat la [[discipleIerusalim]] of the great teacher and writer of the Church, pentru a se închina la [[Clement of AlexandriaSfintele Locuri]]. He was the first Bishop of Flavia in Cappadocia and was afterwards associatedÎn timp ce se afla la Ierusalim, as cobătrânul episcop Narcissus l-a rugat să rămână și să-administrator, with the Bishop of Jerusaleml ajute la conducerea [[scaun]]ului episcopal. Acest fel de situație era un lucru extrem de rar în Biserica veche, el fiind însă acceptat și introdus cu consimțământul tuturor episcopilor din [[Narcissus of Jerusalem|NarcissusPalestina]], who was then 116 years old.

Alexander was imprisoned for his faith early in the reign of Roman Emperor Alexander Severus. After being released from prison he traveled to După moartea episcopului Narcissus în 212, i-a urmat imediat episcopul Alexandru, care a condus [[JerusalemBiserica Ortodoxă a Ierusalimului|Biserica Ierusalimului]] to venerate at the holy placestimp de 38 de ani. While in Jerusalem he was asked by the aged Bp. Narcissus to remain and assist him in the government of the În decursul acestor ani, Alexandru a înființat prima bibliotecă publică din Ierusalim cu lucrări de [[seeteologie]]. This arrangement was an unusually rare occurrence in the ancient Church and was entered into with the consent of all the Palestinian bishops. Following the death, in 212, of Bp. Narcissus, Bp. Alexander succeeded him and governed the Church of Jerusalem for thirty-eight years. During these years he established the first library of Christian theological works at Jerusalemcreștină.

Alexander permitted Alexandru i-a dat permisiunea lui [[Origen]]să predice în biserică, although only a deși acesta din urmă era pe atunci doar un [[laity|laymanmirean]]. În urma acestei îngăduințe, to speak in the churches. For this concession he was taken to taskAlexandru, nevoit fiind să-și justifice decizia, but he defended himself by examples of other permissions of the same kind given elsewhere even to a afirmat că astfel de permisiuni au mai avut loc și-n alte părți și că lui Origen himselfînsuși i-a fost acordată această permisiune, although he was then quite youngdeși pe atunci era foarte tânăr. Alexander and Se spune că Alexandru și Origen were said to have studied together in the great au studiat împreună la [[Catechetical School of Şcoala catehetică din Alexandria]]. Alexander Alexandru l-a [[ordinationHirotonie|ordainedhirotonit]] him a pe Origen [[priestpreot]] in în anul 230.

In spite of his advancing yearsDeși era în vârstă, Alexander, with several other bishops, was arrested during the Alexandru a fost arestat între anii 249-și 251 persecutions of the Church under emperor Decius and was carried off to Cappadociaîmpreună cu alți episcopi pe timpul persecuțiilor ce se făceau împotriva Bisericii creștine sub împăratul Deciu, iar mai apoi a fost dus în Capadocia. Of his imprisonmentDespre întemnițarea sa s-a spus că : “Slava cărunteților sale împreună cu marea sa [[sfințenie]], it has been said, "The glory of his white hairs and great sanctity formed a double crown for him in captivity"i-au împletit o dublă cunună în prizonierat”. His ''vitaViața'' states that he suffered many tortures, but survived them alllui menționează că a suferit multe torturi cărora însă a supraviețuit. When, in the arena, the wild beasts were brought to devour himAtunci când în arenă au fost aduse fiare sălbatice pentru a-l devora, some licked his feetse spune că unele îi lingeau picioarele, and others laid on the sand of the arenaiar altele se așezau pe nisip în arenă. Worn out by his sufferingsIstovit de pe urma suferințelor, he died in prison in the year moare în închisoare în anul 251.

==Scrieri==Episcopul și istoricul [[Eusebius of Caesarea|EusebiusEusebiu de Cezareea]] (275–339) cunoștea mai multe din scrisorile trimise de Alexandru antinoiților (populație creștină din Egipt) și citează din una din ele<ref>[[Eusebiu de Cezareea]] has preserved fragments , ''Istoria bisericească'', VI. 11: ''1. But as on account of his great age Narcissus was no longer able to perform his official duties, the Providence of God called to the office with him, by a revelation given him in a night vision, the above-mentioned Alexander, who was then bishop of another parish. 2. Thereupon, as by Divine direction, he journeyed from the land of Cappadocia, where he first held the episcopate, to Jerusalem, in consequence of a letter written vow and for the sake of information in regard to its places. They received him there with great cordiality, and would not permit him to return, because of another revelation seen by them at night, which uttered the clearest message to the most zealous among them. For it made known that if they would go outside the gates, they would receive the bishop foreordained for them by God. And having done this, with the unanimous consent of the bishops of the neighboring churches, they constrained him to remain. 3. Alexander, himself, in private letters to the Antinoites, which are still preserved among us, mentions the joint episcopate of Narcissus and himself, writing in these words at the end of the epistle: 4. "Narcissus salutes you, who held the Antinoïtesepiscopate here before me, and is now associated with me in prayers, being one hundred and sixteen years of age; and he exhorts you, as I do, to be of another one mind." These things took place in this manner. But, on the death of Serapion, Asclepiades, who had been himself distinguished among the confessors during the persecution, succeeded to the episcopate of the church at Antioch. Alexander alludes to his appointment, writing thus to the church at Antioch: 5. "Alexander, a servant and prisoner of Jesus Christ, to the blessed church of Antioch, greeting in the Lord. The Lord has made my bonds during the time of my imprisonment light and easy, since I learned that, by the Divine Providence, Asclepiades, who in regard to the true faith is eminently qualified, has undertaken the bishopric of your holy church at Antioch." 6. He indicates that he sent this epistle by Clement, writing toward its close as follows: "My honored brethren, I have sent this letter to you by Clement, the blessed presbyter, a man virtuous and approved, whom you yourselves also know and will recognize. Being here, in the providence and oversight of the Master, he has strengthened and built up the Church of the Antiochenes;Lord."'' (sursă: http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/250106.htm).</ref>. O altă scrisoare cunoscută este adresată antiohienilor<ref>[[Eusebius of Caesarea|Eusebius]]Eusebiu de Cezareea, ''Ecclesiastical HistoryIstoria bisericească'', viVI. 11.</ref> of , o a third to treia către Origen;<ref>EusebiusEusebiu de Cezareea, "Ecclesiastical History''Istoria bisericească'', viVI. 14"</ref> : ''8. Again the above-mentioned Alexander, in a certain letter to Origen, refers to Clement, and at the same time to Pantænus, as being among his familiar acquaintances. He writes as follows: For this, as you know, was the will of anotherGod, that the ancestral friendship existing between us should remain unshaken; nay, rather should be warmer and stronger. 9. For we know well those blessed fathers who have trodden the way before us, with whom we shall soon be; Pantænus, the truly blessed man and master, and the holy Clement, my master and benefactor, and if there is any other like them, through whom I became acquainted with you, written the best in conjunction with Theoctistus everything, my master and brother. 10. So much for these matters. But Adamantius, — for this also was a name of Origen—when Zephyrinus was bishop of CaesareaRome, visited Rome, "desiring," as he himself somewhere says, "to see the most ancient church of Rome." 11. After a short stay there he returned to Alexandria. And he performed the duties of catechetical instruction there with great zeal; Demetrius , who was bishop there at that time, urging and even entreating him to work diligently for the benefit of Alexandriathe brethren.'' (sursă: http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/250106.htm)</ref> și o alta scrisă împreună cu [[Teoctist al Cezareei]] lui Demetrius al Alexandriei.<ref>EusebiusEusebiu de Cezareea, "Ecclesiastical History''Istoria bisericească'', viVI. 19".</ref>.

titlu=Episcop de CappadociaCapadocia|qniani= ?-?|

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