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Mergând pe urmele tatălui său, Teodosie îmbrăţişează şi el cariera militară, ajungând la demnitatea de ''dux'' în provincia Moesia superioară în anul 374, după ce se distinsese în bătăliile purtate împotriva sarmaţilor la Dunărea de Jos.
La scurt timp însă, datorită faptului că tatăl său (generalul roman Flavius Theodosius ''cel Bătrân'') căzuse în dizgraţie şi fusese executat la ordinul împăratului Valentinian I, Teodosie s-a retras la moşiile sale în Spania (în 376), aparent temându-se de persecuţiile împăratului din cauza legăturilor sale de familie. Dar reputaţia sa din domeniul militar nu a fost uitată, şi după moartea lui Valentinian I, urmaşii acestuia, co-împăraţii Valentinian al II-lea şi Graţian, l-au rechemat pe Teodosie, încredinţându-i comanda unei noi campanii împotriva sarmaţilor. După o serie de victorii, Teodosie a câştigat rangul de ''magister militum per Illyricum'', iar în anul 378 împăratul Graţian l-a desemnat drept co-împărat (''Augustus'') pentru partea de răsărit a imperiului roman, după ce fostul co-împărat Valens fusese ucis de către goţi în bătălia de la Adrianopol.
După moartea lui Valentinian al II-lea în 392, Teodosie rămâne conducător al Imperiului Roman ca împărat unic - el a fost ultimul împărat roman în acest sens (al imperiului unic).
Upon becoming emperor, Theodosius’ attention was called by the entrenched Goths in the Balkans, the solution to which occupied Theodosius for the first two years of his reign. On [[November 24]], 380, Theodosius was finally able to enter Constantinople, and a settlement with the Gothic forces was finally achieved with the signing of treaties on [[October 3]], 382. During the latter 380s, Theodosius was occupied with aiding Valentinian II in the West against the usurper Clemens Maximus. This episode was finally concluded when Theodosius’ army defeated Maximus in 388. The captured Maximus was then executed on [[August 28]], 388.
With Valentinian II’s death, under questionable circumstances, Theodosius gave his son Honorius the full rank of Augustus of the West in January 393. In the meantime, the magister militum Arbogast, who had served under Valentinian II, elected Eugenius, a former teacher of rhetoric and a pagan, as emperor of the West. Armed force was needed to settle the usurpation. Aiding Honorius, Theodosius led the campaign against Eugenius, culminating in the two-day Battle of Frigidus on [[September 5]] and [[September 6|6]], 394. The first day of the battle did not go well for Theodosius’ forces, but the battle turned on the second day after it was said that two “heavenly riders all in white” gave Theodosius courage, and a [[w:Bora (wind)|Bora]] (natural air current) arose with its cyclonic winds blowing directly into the face of Eugenius’ forces, disrupting his line of battle. Eugenius was captured and soon executed.
==Trinitarian ChristianityTeodosie şi creştinismul ortodox==
While born into a Christian family, Theodosius was not [[baptize]]d until 380, when a serious sickness in Thessalonica brought him to make the decision. He was baptized by the Orthodox bishop of Thessalonica, Ascholios, after assuring himself that the [[bishop]] was not an [[Arianism|Arian]]. From the start of his reign, a considerable part of Theodosius’ activities were spent defending the Orthodox faith and suppressing Arianism. In February 380, he joined with Gratian in a edict declaring that all subjects of their domains should profess the Orthodox faith. Upon entering Constantinople, Theodosius began to expel the Arian party from their hold there. St. [[Gregory the Theologian|Gregory of Nazianzus]] was elected patriarch of [[Church of Constantinople|Constantinople]] by the [[Second Ecumenical Council]], which had been called into session in 381 to deal with a number of issues, including the [[Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed|Creed]], various [[heretic]]s, and the order of honor among the patriarchates.
