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[[Image:Ephrem the Syrian.jpg|right|frame|Sf. Efrem Sirul]]
== Name Nume ==Ephrem is also variously known as Ephraim Efrem mai este cunoscut şi ca Efraim (Hebrew and Greekebraică sau greacă), Ephraem Efrem (Latinlatină), Aphrem and Afraim sau Afrem (both Syriacambele siriace). HoweverTotuşi, "EphremEfrem" is the generally preferred spellingeste scrierea preferată în general.:Syriac Siriacă — <big> ܡܪܝ ܐܦܪܝܡ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ</big> — ''Mâr Aphrêm Sûryâyâ''.:Greek Greacă — Άγιος Εφραιμ Συρος — ''Hagios Ephraim Syros''.:Latin Latină — Sanctus Ephraem Syrus:English Engleză — Saint Ephrem the Syrian:Arabic Arabă — أفرام السرياني — ''Afram as-Suryani''
== Life Viaţa==Ephrem was born around the year Efrem s-a născut în jurul anului 306, in the city of în oraşul Nisibis (the modern Turkish town of actualul Nusaybin, on the border with Syriala graniţa cu Siria). Internal evidence from Ephrem's hymnody suggests that both his parents were part of the growing Christian community in the cityDovezi cuprinse în imnografia sa sugerează că ambii săi părinţi făceau parte din comunitatea creştină în creştere a oraşului, although later hagiographers wrote that his father was a pagan priestdeşi hagiografii târzii au scris că tatăl său era preot păgân. Numerous languages were spoken in the În Nisibis of Ephrem's day-ul zilelor lui Efrem erau vorbite numeroase limbi, mostly dialects of Aramaicîndeosebi dialecte ale aramaicii. The Christian community used the Syriac dialectComunitatea creştină folosea dialectul siriac. Various pagan religionsNumeroase religii păgâne, [[Judaismiudaism|iudaismul]] and early Christian sects vied with one another for the hearts and minds of the populaceşi grupările creştine timpurii concurau una cu cealaltă pentru inima şi sufletul locuitorilor. It was a time of great religious and political tensionErau vremuri de puternice tensiuni religioase şi politice. The Roman Emperor Împăratul roman [[DiocletianDiocleţian]] had signed a treaty with his Persian counterpartsemanse un tratat cu omologul său persan, Nerses in în 298 that transferred care trecuse Nisibis into Roman handsîn mâinile romanilor. The savage persecution and martyrdom of Christians under Diocletian were an important part of Persecuţiile sălbatice ale lui Diocleţian sunt o parte importantă a moştenirii bisericii Nisibene church heritage as Ephrem grew updin perioada creşterii lui Efrem.
One important physical link to Ephrem's lifetime is the baptistery of Nisibis. The inscription tells that it was constructed under Bishop Vologeses in 359. That was the year that Shapur began to harry the region once again. The cities around Nisibis were destroyed one by one, and their citizens killed or deported. The Roman Empire was preoccupied in the west, and [[Constantius]] and [[Julian the Apostate]] struggled for overall control. Eventually, with Constantius dead, Julian began his march into Mesopotamia. He brought with him his increasingly stringent persecutions on Christians. Julian began a foolhardy march against the Persian capital Ctesiphon, where, overstretched and outnumbered, he began an immediate retreat back along the same road. Julian was killed defending his retreat, and the army elected Jovian as the new emperor. Unlike his predecessor, Jovian was a Nicene Christian. He was forced by circumstances to ask for terms from Shapur, and conceded Nisibis to Persia, with the rule that the city's Christian community would leave. Bishop Abraham, the successor to Vologeses, led his people into exile.