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Cel întru [[sfinți]] Părintele nostru '''Iacov de Nisibe'''<ref group="note">'''[[w:Nusaybin|Antiochia Mygdonia]]''' was a Seleucid colony in ancient Mesopotamia; in the classical Roman period it was known as '''Nisibis'''; today it is the Turkish town of '''Nusaybin'''.</ref>, supranumit și "[[Moise]] al Mesopotamiei"<ref name="SOCA">Syriac Orthodox Church of Antioch: Archdiocese of the Western U.S. ''[http://www.soc-wus.org/ourchurch/St.%20James%20of%20nisibis.htm St. James (Jacob) bishop of Nisibis, July 15].''</ref><ref name="SMITH">Sir William Smith. ''"[http://books.google.ca/books?id=7eItAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false JACOBUS (4) or JAMES bishop of Nisibis in Mesopotamia]".'' In: '''Volume 3 of A Dictionary of Christian Biography, Literature, Sects and Doctrines: Being a Continuation of 'The Dictionary of the Bible'.''' J. Murray, 1882. p.326.</ref>, a fost un [[cuvios]] [[Sfânt Părinte]] din a doua jumătate a secolului al III-lea și prima jumătate a secolului al IV-lea, episcop de Nisibe<ref group="note">"The See of Nisibis was founded in 300 by Babu (d. 309). His successor, the celebrated St. James, defended the city by his prayers during the siege of Sapor II." (Siméon Vailhé. ''"[http://oce.catholic.com/index.php?title=Nisibis Nisibis: Titular Archdiocese of Mesopotamia]".'' '''Original Catholic Encyclopedia'''. 1913. El Cajon, California: Catholic Answers. Retrieved 2011-01-22.)</ref>, părinte duhovnicesc al renumitului scriitor și [[teolog]] siriac sfântul [[Efrem Sirul]] și unul din cei 318 Sfinți Părinți ai [[Sinodul I Ecumenic|Sinodului I Ecumenic]] de la Niceea.
[[Praznic|Prăznuirea ]] lui în [[Biserica Ortodoxă]] se face la [[31 octombrie]]<ref>[http://www.calendar-ortodox.ro/luna/octombrie/octombrie31.htm Sinaxar: 31 octombrie]</ref> și la [[13 ianuarie]]<ref group="note">In the [[Roman Catholic Church]] his feast day is [[July 15]]; in the [[Church of Alexandria (Coptic)|Coptic]] Synaxarion it is held on the 18th day of the [[w:Month of Tobi|Month of Tobi]] (usually [[January 26]]); the [[Church of Armenia|Armenians]] observe his feast on [[December 15]]; and the [[Church of Antioch (Syriac)|Syrians]] on [[May 12]] and [[July 15]].</ref>.
==Viața==
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'''Ascetic'''<br>
Jacob was born at Nisibis (''Antiochia Mygdoniae'') towards the end of the third century, the son of Prince Gefal (Armenia).<ref name="S.V.BULGAKOV">[[Sergius V. Bulgakov|S. V. Bulgakov]]. ''[http://www.transfigcathedral.org/faith/Bulgakov/index.shtml Handbook for Church Servers].'' 2nd Ed. Kharkov, 1900. 1274pp. (Translated by Archpriest [http://www.transfigcathedral.org/about/clergy/FrEugene.shtml Eugene D. Tarris], December 13, 2006).</ref> By some accounts he is said the have been nearly related to his contemporary [[Gregory the Enlightener|Gregory the Illuminator]], the Apostle of Armenia.<ref group="note">However according to Jacob's biographical entry at CCEL: "The Armenians mistakenly call him the friend of Gregory the Illuminator." (Christian Classics Ethereal Library (CCEL). ''[http://www.ccel.org/s/schaff/encyc/encyc06/htm/iii.lv.xvi.htm JACOB (JAMES) OF NISIBIS].'')</ref> According to St. [[w:Mar Awgin|Eugene (Augin)]],<ref group="note">"...tradition ascribes Persian monasticism to a certain [[w:Mar Awgin|Eugene (Augin)]], who brought it from the Egyptian desert, and founded the famous monastery of [[w:Mount Izla|Mount Izla]] near Nisibis in the early 4th century." (Fr. Dr. [[w:Adrian Fortescue (priest)|Adrian Fortescue]]. ''[http://www.archive.org/details/lessereasternchu00fortuoft Lesser Eastern Churches].'' London: Catholic Truth Society, 1913. p.43.)</ref> the [[Venerable]] St. Jacob came from the tribe and the family of [[Apostle James the Just|St. James the brother of the Lord]].<ref name="ASOC">[[Church of Antioch (Syriac)|Antiochian Syriac Orthodox Church]]. ''[http://syrorthodoxchurch.com/english-Dateien/Page2149.htm St. Jacob of Nisibis].''</ref>
In 361 [[Julian the Apostate]] commanded that these sacred remains to be removed without the city. Soon after Julian's death, in order to obtain peace, Emperor Jovian was obliged to yield up Nisibis to the Persians in 363, along with the five Roman provinces situated on the Tigris, and a great part of Mesopotamia.<ref group="note">At the time of its cession to the Persians, [[w:Nusaybin|Nisibis]] was a Christian center important enough to become the ecclesiastical metropolis of the Province of Beit-Arbayé (''Arbayé; Turkish: Alayurt; the area around Nisibis; in today's Turkish province of [[w:Mardin Province|Mardin]]''). In 410 it had six suffragan sees and as early as the middle of the fifth century was the most important episcopal see of the Persian Church after [[w:Al-Mada'in|Seleucia-Ctesiphon]]. (S. VAILHE. ''[http://oce.catholic.com/index.php?title=Nisibis Nisibis: Titular Archdiocese of Mesopotamia].'' The Original Catholic Encyclopedia. 1913.)</ref>
When Nisibis was yielded to the Persian monarch in 363, the Christian inhabitants carried the [[Relics|sacred relics]] with them, <ref>Theod. ''u. s.'' p.1119; Soz. ''H. E.'' v.3; Gennad. ''u. s.'' c.1.</ref> which, according to the Menologion of the [[w:Mechitarists|Armenians at Venice]], were brought to Constantinople about the year 970.
==See also==* [[First Ecumenical Council]]* [[Ephrem the Syrian]]* [[Theodoret of Cyrrhus]]* [[Jacob of Serugh]] ==NotesNote==
<references group="note" />
==ReferencesReferințe==
<div><references/></div>
==SourcesSurse==
* Christian Classics Ethereal Library (CCEL). ''[http://www.ccel.org/s/schaff/encyc/encyc06/htm/iii.lv.xvi.htm JACOB (JAMES) OF NISIBIS].''
* [[Church of Antioch (Syriac)|Antiochian Syriac Orthodox Church]]. ''[http://syrorthodoxchurch.com/english-Dateien/Page2149.htm St. Jacob of Nisibis].''
* [http://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CE%AC%CE%BA%CF%89%CE%B2%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%BF_%CE%9D%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%B7%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%82 Ιάκωβος ο Νισιβηνός]
==External linksA se vedea și ==* [[Sinodul I Ecumenic]]* [[Efrem Sirul]]* [[Teodoret din Cir]]* [[Jacob of Serugh]] ==Legături externe==
* [[w:Nisibis (East Syrian Ecclesiastical Province)|Nisibis (East Syrian Ecclesiastical Province)]] at Wikipedia.
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