Camilafcă
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Camilafca (în rusă: камилавка), din grecescul: Kamilavkion (καμιλαύκιον), kalymmavkhion (καλυμμαύχιον) sau kalymmavchi (καλυμαύχι)), este un articol de îmbrăcăminte pentru acoperirea capului, specific clerului, purtat de monahii și clerul creștin ordotox. Ca și în cazul majorității veșmintelor ortodoxe, acest acoperământ de cap derivă din hainele purtate la curtea imperiului Roman de Răsărit (Bizantin).
Camilafca este o pălărie de formă cilindrică. Seamănă cu un joben fără bor. Aspectul și modul de purtare a camilafcăi este diferit de la o tradiție a Bisericii Ortodoxe la alta.
Cuprins
Tradiția greacă
Ordained clergy, both monastic and married, wear a kamilavkion that has a flattened conical brim on top of the cylinder. Monks wear a simple black kamilavkion that is covered with a black veil, called an epanokamelavkion. Hierodeacons, that is, deacons who are monks, remove the veil when they vest for services. Hieromonks, priests who are monks, do not. Nuns in the Greek tradition normally do not wear a kamilavkion, only a veil.
Tradiția rusă/ucrainiană
All ranks of the clergy wear the kamilavka. These are normally taller than the Greek style, become wider as they rise, and are flat on the top. The kamilavka with the epanokamelavkion (veil) permanently attached, called a klobuk, is worn by monastics, both men and women. As bishops must be monastics, they also wear the klobuk. All monastics, both those who are ordained and those who are not, wear black kamilavkas with a black veils. As with the Greek tradition, hierodeacons remove the veil when they take part in church services, and hieromonks do not.
While bishops, as monks, wear the klobuk, that is a plain black kamilavka with a black veil, the klobuk of higher ranked bishops differ. The veil for archbishops has a jeweled cross on the from of the veil. Metropolitans wear a white veil over their kamilavka, with the same cross as do the archbishops.The head dress for the Patriarch of Moscow differ more significantly. He wears a head covering called a koukoulion, a white conical head covering, instead of the kamilavka, with the monastic veil.
For non-monastic clergy, the kamilavka, of different colors, can be received as awards. Married deacons awarded the honorary rank of protodeacon wear a colored kamilavka, usually purple or red, as do archpriests. Archdeacons, however, continue to wear the black kamilavka.
Tradiția sârbă
Clergy of all ranks wear black kamilavkas that are flat on top. During services, monastics wear black veil over the kamilavka. Bishops wear a black kamilavka with a wide purple band at the bottom. The veil, that they wear during services, is removed when they are outside the church.
