Biserica Ortodoxă a Ciprului: Diferență între versiuni

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{{Biserică|
 
{{Biserică|
name= Biserica Ortodoxă a Ciprului|
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nume= Biserica Ortodoxă a Ciprului|
founder= |
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întemeietor= |
independence= |
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independenţă= |
recognition=  |
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recunoaştere=  |
primate= Chrysostomos (elected 6 Nov 2006)|
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arhiepiscop=Hrisostom (ales în 6 noiembrie 2006)|
hq=Nicosia, Cipru|
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sediu=Nicosia, Cipru|
territory=Cipru|
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teritoriu=Cipru|
possessions= ?|
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posesiuni= ?|
language=greacă|
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limba liturgică=greacă|
music=[[cântarea bizantină]]|
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muzică=[[cântarea bizantină]]|
calendar=[[Revised Julian Calendar|Revised Julian]]|
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calendar=[[Calendarul Iulian Revizuit]]|
population=500,000|
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populaţia=500,000|
website=[http://www.churchofcyprus.org.cy/ Church of Cyprus]
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website=[http://www.churchofcyprus.org.cy/ Biserica din Cipru]
 
}}
 
}}
The '''Church of Cyprus''' is one of the [[autocephaly|autocephalous]] churches of the Orthodox Christian communion whose territory consists of the island of Cyprus in the Mediterranean Sea. The [[church]] is led by the [[Archbishop]] of Nova Justiniana and All Cyprus. Although through the centuries the island has been occupied by various parties, the church has retain its independence.
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'''Biserica din Cipru''' este una din bisericile [[autonome]] ale comuniunii creştine ortodoxe a cărei teritoriu este format din insula Cipru din Marea Mediterană. [[Biserica]] este condusă de [[Arhiepiscopul]] din Nova Justiniana şi Ciprului. Deşi de-a lungul secolelor insula a fost ocupată de diverse naţii, biserica şi-a păstrat independenţa.  
  
==History==
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==Istoric==
Christianity was originally brought to Cyprus by the [[Apostle]] Barnabas in the first century. The Apostle Mark is considered to be the first bishop of Cyprus. Its autocephaly was established at the [[Council of Ephesus]] in 431, overriding the claims of the [[Patriarch of Antioch]]. This status was confirmed by the Roman Emperor Zeno in 478 who granted its Archbishop "three privileges, that is: to sign his name in ''cinnabar'', to wear purple instead of black under his vestments, and to use an imperial scepter instead of the episcopal crosier.
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Creştinismul a fost adus în Cipru de către [[Apostolul]] Barnaba în sec. I. The Apostle Mark is considered to be the first bishop of Cyprus. Its autocephaly was established at the [[Council of Ephesus]] in 431, overriding the claims of the [[Patriarch of Antioch]]. This status was confirmed by the Roman Emperor Zeno in 478 who granted its Archbishop "three privileges, that is: to sign his name in ''cinnabar'', to wear purple instead of black under his vestments, and to use an imperial scepter instead of the episcopal crosier.
  
 
The Arab invasions of the seventh century forced the Archbishop to flee the island to Hellespont, where under the protection of Emperor Justinian II he established a new city called Nova Justinian in honor of the emperor. In 698, the Arabs were driven out of Cyprus and the Archbishop returned to the island, but retained the title of Archbishop of Nova Justiniana and All Cyprus. With the occupation of Cyprus by the Crusades from 1191 to 1571, the Orthodox hierarchy found itself subordinated to the occupying Latin French and Venetian kings, who forced a reduction in the number of Orthodox [[bishop]]s from 14 to 4. Additionally, the Latin bishops attempted to gain concessions on the differences in doctrine and practices between the two churches.
 
The Arab invasions of the seventh century forced the Archbishop to flee the island to Hellespont, where under the protection of Emperor Justinian II he established a new city called Nova Justinian in honor of the emperor. In 698, the Arabs were driven out of Cyprus and the Archbishop returned to the island, but retained the title of Archbishop of Nova Justiniana and All Cyprus. With the occupation of Cyprus by the Crusades from 1191 to 1571, the Orthodox hierarchy found itself subordinated to the occupying Latin French and Venetian kings, who forced a reduction in the number of Orthodox [[bishop]]s from 14 to 4. Additionally, the Latin bishops attempted to gain concessions on the differences in doctrine and practices between the two churches.

Versiunea de la data 9 mai 2007 08:54

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{{{name}}}
Întemeietor(i) {{{founder}}}
Autocefalie/Autonomie declarată {{{independence}}}
Autocefalie/Autonomie recunoscută {{{recognition}}}
Primatul actual {{{primate}}}
Sediu {{{hq}}}
Teritoriu principal {{{territory}}}
Posesiuni în afară {{{possessions}}}
Limbă liturgică {{{language}}}
Tradiție muzicală {{{music}}}
Calendar Calendarul Iulian Revizuit
Populație estimată {{{population}}}
Site oficial Biserica din Cipru

Biserica din Cipru este una din bisericile autonome ale comuniunii creştine ortodoxe a cărei teritoriu este format din insula Cipru din Marea Mediterană. Biserica este condusă de Arhiepiscopul din Nova Justiniana şi Ciprului. Deşi de-a lungul secolelor insula a fost ocupată de diverse naţii, biserica şi-a păstrat independenţa.

Istoric

Creştinismul a fost adus în Cipru de către Apostolul Barnaba în sec. I. The Apostle Mark is considered to be the first bishop of Cyprus. Its autocephaly was established at the Council of Ephesus in 431, overriding the claims of the Patriarch of Antioch. This status was confirmed by the Roman Emperor Zeno in 478 who granted its Archbishop "three privileges, that is: to sign his name in cinnabar, to wear purple instead of black under his vestments, and to use an imperial scepter instead of the episcopal crosier.

The Arab invasions of the seventh century forced the Archbishop to flee the island to Hellespont, where under the protection of Emperor Justinian II he established a new city called Nova Justinian in honor of the emperor. In 698, the Arabs were driven out of Cyprus and the Archbishop returned to the island, but retained the title of Archbishop of Nova Justiniana and All Cyprus. With the occupation of Cyprus by the Crusades from 1191 to 1571, the Orthodox hierarchy found itself subordinated to the occupying Latin French and Venetian kings, who forced a reduction in the number of Orthodox bishops from 14 to 4. Additionally, the Latin bishops attempted to gain concessions on the differences in doctrine and practices between the two churches.

The occupation of Cyprus, from 1571 to 1832, by the Ottomans resulted in return to the Orthodox of the privileges they previously had but under an environment that was insecure and under which their lives and property were always at the disposal of the Ottomans. Under the Ottoman ruling practices the christian populous of Cyprus (Rum millet) was considered a separate nation with the Orthodox church the only legal christian church. They considered the Archbishop to be the political head of this christian nation, with responsibility for collecting taxes. The news of the revolution for Greek independence in 1821 resulted in the death of Archbishop Kyprian and many other members of the Cyprian hierarchy, clergy, and Orthodox people.

In 1878, after the British assumed control of Cyprus the church gained more freedom in their religious practices, including return of use of the bells in the churches. Yet, the British interfered seriously in church activities, resulting in an uprising by the church in October 1931, after which the British imposed additional restrictions on election of the archbishop. The British occupation lasted until 1960 when Cyprus regained its independence with the election of Archbishop Makarios as head of state of Cyprus as well as being head of the church. This unique combination continued until his death in 1977.

As a consequence of an attempted military coup in 1974, Turkey invaded and occupied about a third of the island, forming an independent government, with almost all Orthodox moving to the remaining Greek portion of the island. Since then within the Turkish occupied part of the island Orthodox property has sustained substantial damage. The Turkish occupied territories contain 514 churches, chapels, and monasteries.

Organization

The Archbishop's see is located in the city of Nicosia. The primacy of the Church of Cyprus was until recently vacant, with the announcement of the retirement of Archbishop Chrysostomos due to Alzheimer's disease. However, The Church of Cyprus on Sunday 6 November 2006 elected her first new leader in 29 years. Paphos Metropolitan Chrysostomos, 65, was elected archbishop after winning a runoff vote against Metropolitan Athanasios of Limassol.[1]

The Holy Synod of the Autocephalous Church of Cyprus is the highest Church Authority. There are five bishoprics with the ruling bishops styled as Metropolitans. These bishoprics are: Paphos, Kitium, Kyrenia, Limassol, and Morphou.


Biserici Ortodoxe autocefale și autonome
Biserici autocefale
Cele patru Patriarhate vechi: Constantinopol | Alexandria | Antiohia | Ierusalim
Rusia | Serbia | România | Bulgaria | Georgia | Cipru | Grecia | Polonia | Albania | Cehia și Slovacia | OCA*
Biserici autonome
Sinai | Finlanda | Estonia* | Japonia* | China* | Ucraina*
Bisericile autocefale sau autonome desemnate cu un * nu sunt universal recunoscute în cadrul comuniunii ortodoxe.


External links