Cuthbert de Lindisfarne - Revizia istoricului

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{{Traducere EN}}
[[Image:Cuthbert.jpg|right|frame|Sf. Cuthbert de Lindisfarne]]
Cel întru sfinţi Părintele nostru '''Cuthbert deLindisfarne''', [[Wonder-worker]] of Britain, was a [[monastic]] [[missionary]] and [[bishop]] during the seventh century, in Scotland and the north of England. He is a widely [[veneration|venerated]] saint in England. His [[feast day]] is celebrated on [[March 20]]. [[September 4]] is the commemoration of the [[Translation (relics)|translation]] of his [[relics]] to Durham.

==Life==
Not much is known for certain of Cuthbert's youth. Variously, he has been thought to have been of Irish origin, named "Mulloche" and descended from Irish royalty, or of Northumbrian birth of well-to-do English stock, with either warrior or sheep-herding training. He was raised in the Scottish lowlands by a poor widow named Kenswith. His date of birth is given as 634 or 635. His course in life seems to have turned on an experience when he was tending sheep one night. Cuthbert saw lights in the sky that he interpreted to be an [[angel]] descending to earth and returning to [[heaven]] with the [[soul]] of St. [[Aidan of Lindisfarne]], whom he found later to have died that evening, [[August 31]], 651. Through this event he decided to go to the Melrose [[Abbey]] on the Tweed River and become a [[monk]].

Cuthbert was a monk at Melrose under St. Eata from 651 to 661 where he was taught the [[Holy Scripture|scriptures]] by the [[prior]], St. Boisil. In 661, he joined a new [[monastery]] at Ripon, with St. Eata, where he was the guestmaster. Cuthbert returned to Melrose, after King Alcfrid placed Ripon under St. Wilfrid's leadership, and there he became the prior after the death St. Boisil. It was while at Melrose that Cuthbert began his missionary efforts throughout Northumbria. He became ill with the plague that was endemic in the area, and which had been the cause of the death of Boisil. While Cuthbert recovered his health henceforth was undermined.
[[Image:Whitby Abbey.jpg|thumb|right|200pxl|[[Whitby Abbey]]]]

At the [[Synod of Whitby]] in 664, a decision was made to follow the Roman liturgical customs introduced by [[Augustine of Canterbury]] in place of the Celtic practices that were formerly followed. While St. Colman, the local [[bishop]], and his monks refused to accept the decision of the Synod of Whitby and left for Ireland, Cuthbert seemed to have accepted the introduction of the Roman practices and remained. Cuthbert, then, followed his [[abbot]], St. Eata, from Melrose to [[Lindisfarne]], where he became prior and later abbot.

[[Image:Lindisfarne Priory.jpg|thumb|left|250pxl|Lindisfarne Priory]]
From Lindisfarne, Cuthbert continued his missionary work southward to Northumberland and Durham. Cuthbert had become entranced with the sea and rocky lands of Lindisfarne and yearned for a solitary life there. In 676, he actively turned to such a life by retiring to a cave and shortly thereafter he moved to a cell he built on the isolated island of Inner Farne that was south of Lindisfarne. Yet he was still sought after. After being implored strongly by the king of Northumberland, Cuthbert, in tears, agreed to accept election as a bishop in 684. While initially destined for the see of Hexham, Cuthbert exchanged sees with St. Eata and was [[Consecration of a bishop|consecrated bishop]] of Lindisfarne in [[March 26]], 685, on the [[Pascha|Sunday of the Resurrection]], by St. [[Theodore of Tarsus|Theodore]], [[Archbishop of Canterbury]], and by six bishops in York.

For the next two years, Cuthbert, while maintaining an [[ascetic]] life, led his [[diocese]] by caring for the sick, distributing [[alms]], working the many [[miracle]]s that earned him the title of ''Wonder-worker of Britain''. Then, during the [[Christmas]] season of 686 in declining health he resigned his office and retired to his cell on the Inner Farne Island where he reposed on [[March 20]], 687.

==External links==
*[http://www.goarch.org/en/chapel/saints.asp?contentid=2366 Cuthbert of Lindisfarne] ([[GOARCH]])
*[http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?FSID=109071 St Cuthbert, wonderworker of Britain] ([[OCA]])
*[[w:Cuthbert of Lindisfarne|Cuthbert of Lindisfarne]] on Wikipedia
*[http://www.lyon.edu/webdata/users/jchiaromonte/cuthbert5.htm Cuthbert]
* [http://stmaterne.blogspot.com/2008/03/saint-cuthbert-de-lindisfarne-le-saint.html Icons of St. Cuthbert]

[[Categorie:Sfinţi]]
[[Categorie:Episcopi]]
[[Categorie:Făcători de minuni]]

[[fr:Cuthbert de Lindisfarne]]

← Versiunea anterioară		Versiunea de la data 19 septembrie 2017 10:08
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	[[Image:Cuthbert.jpg\|right\|frame\|Sfântul Cuthbert de Lindisfarne]]		[[Image:Cuthbert.jpg\|right\|frame\|Sfântul Cuthbert de Lindisfarne]]
	Cel întru [[sfinţi]] Părintele nostru '''Cuthbert de Lindisfarne''', [[făcător de minuni]] din Britania, a fost un [[călugăr]] [[misionar]] și [[episcop]] din secolul al șaptelea, în Scoția și nordul Angliei. Este unul din cei mai cinstiți sfinți din Anglia. [[Prăznuire]]a lui se face la [[20 martie]], iar la [[4 septembrie]] este comemorată mutarea [[moaște]]lor în Durham.		Cel întru [[sfinţi]] Părintele nostru '''Cuthbert de Lindisfarne''', [[făcător de minuni]] din Britania, a fost un [[călugăr]] [[misionar]] și [[episcop]] din secolul al șaptelea, în Scoția și nordul Angliei. Este unul din cei mai cinstiți sfinți din Anglia. [[Prăznuire]]a lui se face la [[20 martie]], iar la [[4 septembrie]] este comemorată mutarea [[moaște]]lor în Durham.

@@ Linia 1: / Linia 1: @@
-{{Traducere EN}}
+{{Îmbunătăţire}}
-[[Image:Cuthbert.jpg|right|frame|Sf. Cuthbert de Lindisfarne]]
+[[Image:Cuthbert.jpg|right|frame|Sfântul Cuthbert de Lindisfarne]]
-Cel întru [[sfinţi]] Părintele nostru '''Cuthbert deLindisfarne''', [[făcător de minuni]] din Britania, a fost un [[călugăr]] [[misionar]] și [[episcop]] din secolul al șaptelea, în Scoția și nordul Angliei. Este unul din cei mai cinstiți sfinți din Anglia. [[Prăznuire]]a lui se face la [[20 martie]], iar la [[4 septembrie]] este comemorată mutarea [[moaște]]lor în Durham.
+Cel întru [[sfinţi]] Părintele nostru '''Cuthbert de Lindisfarne''', [[făcător de minuni]] din Britania, a fost un [[călugăr]] [[misionar]] și [[episcop]] din secolul al șaptelea, în Scoția și nordul Angliei. Este unul din cei mai cinstiți sfinți din Anglia. [[Prăznuire]]a lui se face la [[20 martie]], iar la [[4 septembrie]] este comemorată mutarea [[moaște]]lor în Durham.
 ==Viața==
-Not much is known for certain of Cuthbert's youth. Variously, he has been thought to have been of Irish origin, named "Mulloche" and descended from Irish royalty, or of Northumbrian birth of well-to-do English stock, with either warrior or sheep-herding training. He was raised in the Scottish lowlands by a poor widow named Kenswith. His date of birth is given as 634 or 635. His course in life seems to have turned on an experience when he was tending sheep one night. Cuthbert saw lights in the sky that he interpreted to be an [[înger]] descending to earth and returning to [[heaven]] with the [[soul]] of St. [[Aidan de Lindisfarne]], whom he found later to have died that evening, [[31 august]], 651. Through this event he decided to go to the Melrose [[Abbey]] on the Tweed River and become a [[monk]].
+Nu se cunosc cu certitudine prea multe despre tinerețea lui Cuthbert. Din diferite surse, se crede că avea origine irlandeză, din clanul "Mulloche" și avea descendență regală irlandeză, sau  se născuse în Northumbria dintr-o familie engleză înstărită, având instruire de războinic după unele surse sau de păstor de oi după altele. A fost crescut în câmpiile Scoției de către o văduvă săracă pe nume. Se crede că s-a născut în 634 sau 635. Se pare că viața lui și-a schimbat cursul radical în urma unei experiențe avute în timp ce păzea oile într-o noapte. Cuthbert a văzut lumini pe cer pe care el le-a interpretat ca fiind un [[înger]] care a coborât pe pământ și s-a reîntors în [[Rai]] cu [[suflet]]ul Sfântului [[Aidan de Lindisfarne]], despre care a aflat mai târziu că a murit în acea seară, [[31 august]] 651. În urma acestui eveniment a hotărât să meargă la [[Mănăstire]]a Melrosede pe râul Tweed și să se [[călugăr]]ească.
-Cuthbert was a monk at Melrose under St. Eata from 651 to 661 where he was taught the [[Holy Scripture|scriptures]] by the [[prior]], St. Boisil. In 661, he joined a new [[monastery]] at Ripon, with St. Eata, where he was the guestmaster. Cuthbert returned to Melrose, after King Alcfrid placed Ripon under St. Wilfrid's leadership, and there he became the prior after the death St. Boisil. It was while at Melrose that Cuthbert began his missionary efforts throughout Northumbria. He became ill with the plague that was endemic in the area, and which had been the cause of the death of Boisil. While Cuthbert recovered his health henceforth was undermined.
+Cuthbert a viețuit la Melrose din 651 până în 661, avându-l ca [[stareț]] pe Sf. Eata, și unde a fost învățat [[Sfânta Scriptură|scripturile]] de către [[egumen]]ul Sf. Boisil. În 661, s-a alăturat unei [[mănăstire|mănăstiri]] noi la Ripon, împreună cu Sf. Eata, unde a fost profesor invitat. Cuthbert s-a reîntors la Melrose, după ce Regele Alcfrid a plasat Ripon sub tutela Sfântului Wilfrid, și unde a fost numit stareț după moartea Sfântului Boisil. În timp ce se afla la Melrose, Cuthbert și-a început activitatea [[misionar]]ă în întreaga Northumbria. S-a îmbolnăvit de ciumă, care era endemică în acea zonă, și care fusese și cauza morții Sfântului Boisil. Deși Cuthbert s-a vindecat, de atunci sănătatea sa a rămas șubredă.
 [[Image:Whitby Abbey.jpg|thumb|right|200pxl|[[Abaţia Whitby]]]]
-At the [[Sinodul de la Whitby]] in 664, a decision was made to follow the Roman liturgical customs introduced by [[Augustin din Canterbury]] in place of the Celtic practices that were formerly followed. While St. Colman, the local [[bishop]], and his monks refused to accept the decision of the Synod of Whitby and left for Ireland, Cuthbert seemed to have accepted the introduction of the Roman practices and remained. Cuthbert, then, followed his [[abbot]], St. Eata, from Melrose to [[Lindisfarne]], where he became prior and later abbot.
+La [[Sinodul de la Whitby]] din 664, s-a luat hotărârea de a urma obiceiurile liturgice ale Romei, introduse de [[Augustin din Canterbury]] în locul practicilor celtice care fuseseră urmate anterior. În timp ce Sf. Colman, [[episcop]]ul local și monahii săi au refuzat să accepte decizia Sinodului de la Whitby și au plecat în Irlanda, se pare că Cuthbert a acceptat introducerea practicilor Romei și a rămas. Ulterior, Cuthbert, și-a urmat [[stareț]]ul, Sf. Eata, de la Melrose la [[Lindisfarne]], unde a devenit egumen și apoi stareț.
-[[Image:Lindisfarne Priory.jpg|thumb|left|250pxl|Lindisfarne Priory]]
+[[Image:Lindisfarne Priory.jpg|thumb|left|250pxl|Abația Lindisfarne]]
-From Lindisfarne, Cuthbert continued his missionary work southward to Northumberland and Durham. Cuthbert had become entranced with the sea and rocky lands of Lindisfarne and yearned for a solitary life there. In 676, he actively turned to such a life by retiring to a cave and shortly thereafter he moved to a cell he built on the isolated island of Inner Farne that was south of Lindisfarne. Yet he was still sought after. After being implored strongly by the king of Northumberland, Cuthbert, in tears, agreed to accept election as a bishop in 684. While initially destined for the see of Hexham, Cuthbert exchanged sees with St. Eata and was [[Consecration of a bishop|consecrated bishop]] of Lindisfarne in [[26 martie]], 685, on the [[Pascha|Sunday of the Resurrection]], by St. [[Theodore of Tarsus|Theodore]], [[Archbishop of Canterbury]], and by six bishops in York.
+De la Lindisfarne, Cuthbert și-a continuat activitatea misionară spre sud în Northumberland și Durham. Cuthbert a fost vrăjit de frumusețea mării și rocilor din Lindisfarne și a început să tânjească după o viață solitară. În 676, el s-a îndrepta spre o astfel de viață prin retragerea într-o peșteră, iar curând după aceea, s-a mutat într-o chilie pe care și-a construit-o pe izolata Insulă Inner Farne din sudul Lindisfarne. Totuși, el și-a continuat călătoriile și ulterior. După ce a fost implorat puternic de către regele din Northumberland, Cuthbert, în lacrimi, a acceptat să fie ales episcop în anul 684. Deși inițial avea pregătit [[scaun]]ul din Hexham, Cuthbert a făcut schimb de eparhii cu Sf.  Eata și a fost [[Hirotonirea unui episcop|hirotonit episcop]] de Lindisfarne în [[26 martie]] 685, în [[Sfintele Paști|Duminica Învierii]], de către Sf. [[Teodor din Tars|Teodor]], [[Arhiepiscopia de Canterbury|Arhiepiscop de Canterbury]] și de către alți șase episcopi din York.
-For the next two years, Cuthbert, while maintaining an [[ascetic]] life, led his [[diocese]] by caring for the sick, distributing [[alms]], working the many [[miracle]]s that earned him the title of ''Wonder-worker of Britain''. Then, during the [[Christmas]] season of 686 in declining health he resigned his office and retired to his cell on the Inner Farne Island where he reposed on [[20 martie]], 687.
+În următorii doi ani, Cuthbert, deși și-a continuat viața [[ascetism|ascetică]], și-a păstorit  [[eparhia]] având grijă de bolnavi, distribuind ajutoare, făcând multe [[minuni]] care i-adus renumele de ''făcătorul de minuni al Britaniei''. Apoi, în timpul [[Crăciun]]ului din anul 686, sănătatea în declin la făcut să demisionezeși să se retragă în celula sa din Insula Inner Farne Island unde s-a stins în [[20 martie]] 687.
 ==Legături externe==

@@ Linia 4: / Linia 4: @@
 ==Viața==
-Not much is known for certain of Cuthbert's youth. Variously, he has been thought to have been of Irish origin, named "Mulloche" and descended from Irish royalty, or of Northumbrian birth of well-to-do English stock, with either warrior or sheep-herding training. He was raised in the Scottish lowlands by a poor widow named Kenswith. His date of birth is given as 634 or 635. His course in life seems to have turned on an experience when he was tending sheep one night. Cuthbert saw lights in the sky that he interpreted to be an [[înger]] descending to earth and returning to [[heaven]] with the [[soul]] of St. [[Aidan of Lindisfarne]], whom he found later to have died that evening, [[31 august]], 651. Through this event he decided to go to the Melrose [[Abbey]] on the Tweed River and become a [[monk]].
+Not much is known for certain of Cuthbert's youth. Variously, he has been thought to have been of Irish origin, named "Mulloche" and descended from Irish royalty, or of Northumbrian birth of well-to-do English stock, with either warrior or sheep-herding training. He was raised in the Scottish lowlands by a poor widow named Kenswith. His date of birth is given as 634 or 635. His course in life seems to have turned on an experience when he was tending sheep one night. Cuthbert saw lights in the sky that he interpreted to be an [[înger]] descending to earth and returning to [[heaven]] with the [[soul]] of St. [[Aidan de Lindisfarne]], whom he found later to have died that evening, [[31 august]], 651. Through this event he decided to go to the Melrose [[Abbey]] on the Tweed River and become a [[monk]].
 Cuthbert was a monk at Melrose under St. Eata from 651 to 661 where he was taught the [[Holy Scripture|scriptures]] by the [[prior]], St. Boisil. In 661, he joined a new [[monastery]] at Ripon, with St. Eata, where he was the guestmaster. Cuthbert returned to Melrose, after King Alcfrid placed Ripon under St. Wilfrid's leadership, and there he became the prior after the death St. Boisil. It was while at Melrose that Cuthbert began his missionary efforts throughout Northumbria. He became ill with the plague that was endemic in the area, and which had been the cause of the death of Boisil. While Cuthbert recovered his health henceforth was undermined.

@@ Linia 21: / Linia 21: @@
 *(fr) http://stmaterne.blogspot.com/2008/03/saint-cuthbert-de-lindisfarne-le-saint.html, după (en) http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stcuth.htm
-[[Categorie:Sfinţi]]
+[[Categorie:Sfinți]]
 [[Categorie:Episcopi]]
 [[Categorie:Făcători de minuni]]

@@ Linia 17: / Linia 17: @@
 ==Legături externe==
 *[http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?FSID=109071 St Cuthbert, wonderworker of Britain] ([[OCA]])
 *[[w:Cuthbert of Lindisfarne|Cuthbert of Lindisfarne]] on Wikipedia
-*[http://www.lyon.edu/webdata/users/jchiaromonte/cuthbert5.htm Cuthbert]
+*(fr) http://stmaterne.blogspot.com/2008/03/saint-cuthbert-de-lindisfarne-le-saint.html, după (en) http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stcuth.htm
 [[Categorie:Sfinţi]]